Publicação: A Influência do Microbioma no Desempenho Desportivo dos Equinos
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O microbioma intestinal tem um papel essencial na digestão, na imunidade, no metabolismo
energético e no desempenho físico dos cavalos atletas. O fornecimento de uma dieta rica em fibras
promove um microbioma estável e funcional, favorecendo a fermentação das fibras e a produção de
ácidos gordos voláteis, fundamentais para a saúde digestiva e o fornecimento de energia. Ao contrário,
as dietas ricas em amido ou as mudanças bruscas na alimentação podem induzir disbiose, resultando
em acidose, cólicas, inflamações e diminuição de desempenho. O microbioma também modula a
resposta imunológica e influencia diretamente a recupedieta pós-exercício. A suplementação com os
probióticos, prebióticos ou simbióticos surge como uma estratégia viável para manter o equilíbrio
microbiano, especialmente em períodos de stress físico ou de mudanças ambientais.
Apesar dos avanços, ainda permanecem lacunas de conhecimento sobre os mecanismos causais entre
microbioma e desempenho, ressaltando a necessidade de estudos longitudinais e multidisciplinares. A
modulação do microbioma representa uma nova fronteira na medicina desportiva equina, com
implicações promissoras para o bem-estar, a saúde e a performance dos cavalos atletas.
Esta revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo analisar as intedietas entre a composição microbiana
intestinal e o desempenho desportivo, destacando os efeitos de fatores externos como a alimentação,
o stress, o transporte e o exercício. A revisão bibliográfica destaca ainda, uma abordagem
personalizada baseada no perfil microbiano individual do cavalo, com potencial para poder vir às dietas
e aos protocolos de treino de forma mais eficiente.
The gut microbiome plays an essential role in digestion, immunity, energy metabolism, and the physical performance of athletic horses. Providing a fibre-rich diet promotes a stable and functional microbiome, favouring fibre fermentation and the production of volatile fatty acids, which are fundamental for digestive health and energy supply. On the other hand, starch-rich diets or sudden changes in feeding can induce dysbiosis, resulting in acidosis, colic, inflammation, and decreased performance. The microbiome also modulates the immune response and directly influences post exercise recovery. Supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics appears as a viable strategy to maintain microbial balance, especially during periods of physical stress or environmental changes. Despite the advances made, there are still gaps in knowledge about the causal mechanisms between the microbiome and performance, highlighting the need for longitudinal and multidisciplinary studies. Modulating the microbiome represents a new frontier in equine sports medicine, with promising implications for the well-being, health, and performance of athletic horses. This literature review aims to analyse the interactions between gut microbial composition and sports performance, highlighting the effects of external factors such as feeding, stress, transport, and exercise. The thesis also highlights a personalised approach based on the horse’s individual microbial profile, with the potential to adapt diets and training protocols more efficiently.
The gut microbiome plays an essential role in digestion, immunity, energy metabolism, and the physical performance of athletic horses. Providing a fibre-rich diet promotes a stable and functional microbiome, favouring fibre fermentation and the production of volatile fatty acids, which are fundamental for digestive health and energy supply. On the other hand, starch-rich diets or sudden changes in feeding can induce dysbiosis, resulting in acidosis, colic, inflammation, and decreased performance. The microbiome also modulates the immune response and directly influences post exercise recovery. Supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics appears as a viable strategy to maintain microbial balance, especially during periods of physical stress or environmental changes. Despite the advances made, there are still gaps in knowledge about the causal mechanisms between the microbiome and performance, highlighting the need for longitudinal and multidisciplinary studies. Modulating the microbiome represents a new frontier in equine sports medicine, with promising implications for the well-being, health, and performance of athletic horses. This literature review aims to analyse the interactions between gut microbial composition and sports performance, highlighting the effects of external factors such as feeding, stress, transport, and exercise. The thesis also highlights a personalised approach based on the horse’s individual microbial profile, with the potential to adapt diets and training protocols more efficiently.
